The accuracy of prognosis for cervical spine injury has always been challenging, and predicting sensory motor recovery requires new tools to determine patient outcomes and support treating therapists and physicians.

Código de aprobación: GKB-NON-2024-00822

Levels of both amyloid-β42 (Aβ42) and tau proteins likely play a central role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD).

Código de aprobación: GKB-NON-2024-00213

Previous studies have suggested a favorable effect of healthy eating on multiple sclerosis (MS) outcomes.

Código de aprobación: GKB-NON-2024-00828

Parkinson’s disease (PD) causes a myriad of motor and non-motor symptoms which significantly reduce func- tionality, decrease independence in everyday activities and impair health-related quality-of-life.

Código de aprobación: GKB-NON-2024-00708

Migraine is a common disabling neurological disorder that affects approximately 15% of the general population worldwide.

Código de aprobación: GKB-NON-2024-00701

Migraine is a disabling neurovascular disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of throbbing headaches, typically unilateral and of moderate to severe intensity.

Código de aprobación: GKB-NON-2024-00550

Migraine is a complex neurological disorder characterized by recurrent disabling attacks that stressful conditions may trigger.

Código de aprobación: GKB-NON-2024-00551

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an insidious and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder, which represents the main etiology of dementia clinically characterized by memory loss, cognitive Received January 13, 2024 decline, behavior changes, and functional impairment.

Código de aprobación: GKB-NON-2024-00617

Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage is a devastating subtype of stroke with high rates of morbidity, disability and mortality.

Código de aprobación: GKB-NON-2024-00436

Previous studies have established that the amygdala plays an important role in trait anxiety.

Código de aprobación: GKB-NON-2024-00270

Establishing biomarkers to predict multiple sclerosis diagnosis and prognosis has been challenging using a single biomarker approach.

Código de aprobación: GKB-NON-2024-00188

Accumulating evidence suggests that peripheral inflammation is associated with the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD).

Código de aprobación: GKB-NON-2024-00197

Increasing evidence suggests a role of the immune system in the multi-factorial etiology of migraine attack.

This meta-analysis was to investigate the efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for general cognitive function in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and to investigate the potential influential factors.

Código de aprobación: GKB-NON-2024-00093

Cognitive treatment response varies highly in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). Identification of mechanisms is essential for predicting response.

Código de aprobación: NON-2024-2015

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the fastest growing neurological disorder and a leading source of disability.

Código de aprobación: NON-2024-2030

The study aimed to visualize the changes in the facial muscles of patients with severe facial palsy who showed no improvement for more than 3 months on acute stage.

Código de aprobación: NON-2024-1483

Epilepsy is a network disease and EEG could be used to evaluate dynamic inter-regional connectivity.

Código de aprobación: NON-2024-1447

Cerebral blood flow differs between migraine patients and healthy controls during attack and the interictal period.

The prevalence of axonal polyneuropathy increases with age.

Código de aprobación: NON-2023-11013

Serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) is an emerging biomarker of neuronal damage in several neurological disorders.

Código de aprobación: NON-2023-11713

Delirium is a prevalent symptom of acute brain dysfunction caused by Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the understanding of delirium in COVID-19 patients is currently limited.

Código de aprobación: NON-2023-11722

A database study suggests that RA may be a risk factor for Parkinson disease.

Código de aprobación: NON-2023-7565

A database study looks at clinical characteristics, GBS subtypes, and disease course in relation to CSF albuminocytologic dissociation and protein levels.

Código de aprobación: NON-2023-7564

The objective of the study was to investigate long-term food intake patterns and establish possible associations between the inferred dietary habits and levels of reported symptoms among people with multiple sclerosis (MS) in Denmark.

Código de aprobación: NON-2023-8562

A longitudinal study finds an association.

Cerebral small vessel disease commonly co-occurs with symptoms of parkinsonism

Código de aprobación: NON-2023-5545

TPatients who eventually were diagnosed reported several prodromal symptoms, including problems with walking, lifting heavy objects, and balance.

Código de aprobación: NON-2023-2098

The burden of perivascular spaces on brain MRI affected dementia risk in community-dwelling adults. Perivascular spaces (PVS) may be a brain MRI proxy measure for pathophysiologic changes such as cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) and glymphatic dysfunction.

Código de aprobación: NON-2023-1444

Two cases of encephalomyelitis have been reported in men with concurrent acute monkeypox infection. The ongoing monkeypox (MPX) outbreak now involves cases across the U.S., primarily among men who have sex with men (MSM).

Código de aprobación: NON-2023-1439

Autoimmune neurologic disease associated with septin-5 and septin-7 antibodies was described recently. Septins have diverse roles in biology, including regulating microtubules, actin, and diffusion.

Código de aprobación: NON-2023-0485

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is described as an immune disorder with inflammation and neurodegeneration. Relapsing–remitting MS (RRMS) is one of the most common types of MS. The diagnostic manner for this disorder typically includes the usage of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); however, this is not always a very precise diagnostic method.

Código de aprobación: NON-2023-0487

POEMS Syndrome: Clinical Features and Outcomes in a U.K. Cohort

A retrospective analysis of cases shows that smooth meningeal thickening provides an additional diagnostic clue differentiating POEMS syndrome from chronic immune demyelinating polyneuropathy.

POEMS syndrome (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, and skin lesions) is a rare but treatable paraneoplastic disorder of plasma cells associated with sensorimotor polyneuropathy, lambda gammopathy, and elevated cerebrospinal fluid protein and serum VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor).

Código de aprobación: PP-CNS-GLB-1552

Safety and Efficacy of Extreme Blood Pressure Lowering in Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Higher rates of neurologic deterioration and adverse events were associated with intensive treatment in patients with excessively high initial systolic blood pressure.

Many patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) present with elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP).

Código de aprobación: PP-CNS-GLB-1616

Late-Adult-Onset Idiopathic Epilepsy and Dementia Risk

A large study of older veterans finds a nearly twofold increase in risk for dementia following diagnosis of late-onset seizures without known cause.

Do late-adult-onset seizures have an association with risk for dementia or just reflect an independent cause without concern for a degenerative disease?

Código de aprobación: PP-CNS-GLB-1477

In both animals and humans, regular exercise improves neurogenesis and cognition. Transfer of blood from young mice to old mice also improves neurogenesis and cognition, which suggests that such improvements are mediated by specific molecules. Might benefits of exercise on the aging brain be conferred by such molecules?

Código de aprobación: PP-CNS-GLB-1498

Plasma Biomarkers May Identify Risk for Dementia

Assessment of plasma biomarkers is emerging as a potential noninvasive way to determine risk for dementia. To further evaluate the utility of plasma biomarkers in this setting, researchers analyzed whether plasma amyloid-β40, amyloid β42, total tau, and neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels were associated with all-cause dementia and Alzheimer disease (AD) risk in 4444 participants without dementia in the Rotterdam population-based cohort study. At baseline, the average age of participants was 72 years, 9% had mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 58% were female, and 26% were apolipoprotein ε4 carriers.

Código de aprobación: PP-CNS-GLB-1463

New Insights And Future Directions In Parkinson Disease

Letter from the Editor

Clinicians and their patients with Parkinson disease await advances that will improve symptoms and quality of life. This year, we saw the emergence of several important clinical and research developments.

Código de aprobación: PP-CNS-GLB-1465

Connections Between the Ability to Cope with Stress and Tau Burden

Self-ratings of higher stress coping ability correlated with lower tau burden on brain scans in older adults.

The relationship between psychological stress and neurodegenerative syndromes has been established clinically. In animal models, paradigms of chronic stress are associated with exacerbation of tau pathology. In this cross-sectional study enrolling 225 cognitively unimpaired older adults (mean age, 70), researchers assessed the connection between stress coping ability (measured on a 6-item resiliency scale) and tau burden on positron emission tomography (PET).

Código de aprobación: PP-CNS-GLB-1461

Associations Between Blood Pressure and Cognitive Decline

Long-term elevated blood pressure was responsible for greater cognitive decline in black Americans than in white Americans.

Black people, on average, experience earlier onset of elevated blood pressure (BP) and poorer control of BP throughout life than do white people. To establish whether blood pressure is associated with the observed earlier onset of cognitive impairment and faster decline in cognition in black patients, investigators performed a pooled cohort study of almost 20,000 patients (median age at study entry, 55; 20% black [self-reported]).

Código de aprobación: PP-CNS-GLB-1399

Small-fiber neuropathy is characterized by neuropathic-type pain; abnormal sensation to pinprick, heat, or cold; and autonomic dysfunction — but no motor weakness, and normal proprioception and vibratory sensation.

Código de aprobación: NON-2022-1033

>When patients present to primary care practices with concerns about memory, a screening instrument such as the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) or the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) might be administered.

Código de aprobación: NON-2022-3972

Pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) is relatively uncommon and is defined as onset up to age 18 years. Investigators retrospectively compared features and outcomes of early POMS (

Código de aprobación: NON-2022-7204

In a large cohort study, extended lifespans associated with healthy behaviors didn’t result in more time with dementia.

Evidence suggests that healthy lifestyles might slow cognitive decline and lower risk for Alzheimer dementia (AD).

Código de aprobación: NON-2022-8882

 

The first large, controlled trial of occipital nerve stimulation for medically intractable chronic cluster headache shows potential as a long-term preventive treatment. In chronic cluster headache (CH), as opposed to episodic CH, the attacks occur year-round.

Código de aprobación: PP-CNS-GLB-2093

The alpha-synuclein CSF RT-QuIC Assay had a high sensitivity and specificity in detecting underlying Lewy body pathology in those with mild cognitive impairment.

PP-CNS-GLB-2095

Outcomes during the first year after moderate to severe brain injury did not correlate with early functional status. Traumatic brain injury is a major cause of death and disability that frequently affects young people.

Código de aprobación: PP-CNS-GLB-2124

Improvements were gradual and persisted for several years. Few studies describe the long-term cognitive dysfunction experienced by people with anti–N-methyl-Daspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis.

Código de aprobación: NON-2021-6288

Plasma neurofilament light chain concentrations may inform phenoconversion and disease progression in familial frontotemporal lobar degeneration. In this study, researchers analyzed whether plasma neurofilament light chain (Nf L) levels, a sensitive biomarker for neurodegeneration, could predict individuals with familial frontotemporal lobar degen-eration (FTLD) who were at risk for clinical phenoconversion or disease progression from an original (n=277) and validation (n=297) cohort.

Código de aprobación: PP-CNS-GLB-1871

An epidemiologic study suggests an association between adolescent infections requiring hospitalization and later multiple sclerosis. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease, most likely the result of multiple environmental factors with an underlying genetic susceptibility.

Código de aprobación: PP-CNS-GLB-1870

Lower N-acetylhexosamine levels in plasma correlated with worse clinical outcomes. Early studies suggest that N-glycosylation is altered in multiple sclerosis (MS). N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) is a metabolic precursor to N-glycosylation.

Código de aprobación: PP-CNS-GLB-1872

In a randomized controlled trial, prophylactic continuous infusion of hypertonic saline did not improve outcome in patients with moderate or severe traumatic brain injury.

Código de aprobación: PP-CNS-GLB-1902

An ADCRP score may be useful in identifying those with mild cognitive impairment who have underlying Alzheimer disease. To create a biological definition of Alzheimer disease (AD), the amyloid-tau-neurodegeneration (ATN) classification scheme has been developed.

Código de aprobación: PP-CNS-GLB-1753

Patients with progression independent of relapse activity demonstrated higher rates of brain volume changes.

In patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA) is increas-ingly appreciated to occur even in early relapsing patients (NEJM JW Neurol Jan 2021 and JAMA Neurol2020; 77:1132).

Código de aprobación: NON-2022-9880